Abstract
The contract provisions and ratchets contained
in an electric utility's tariffs for commercial
and industrial customers are often subjects
of debate between the utility and its customers
during regulatory proceedings. Although
customers argue that these provisions are means
for the utility to secure revenues from them for
service not received, these provisions are necessary
to properly recover the fixed demand cost
of a customer to provide both intra-class and
inter-class equity and to allow for a degree of
revenue stability for the utility.
Penkala, B. A. (1987). Contract Provisions and Ratchets: Utility Security or Customer Equity?. Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.eslwin.tamu.edu). Available electronically from
https : / /hdl .handle .net /1969 .1 /92827.