Abstract
One of the most popular standards used for storing, delivering and viewing real-time streaming media over the Internet is MPEG. The time-series representing frame/VOP sizes of an MPEG sequence is extremely noisy and has very long-range time dependency. Present research aims to provide a generalized solution to the problem of predicting the frames/VOP sizes of MPEG-coded real-time video streams for single and multiple steps ahead. In order to incorporate the nonlinear behavior of time-series representing frame or VOP sizes of MPEG-encoded streams in mathematical models, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are used extensively in this research. The final model for single-step-ahead prediction consists of one RMLP network for prediction of I-VOPs and two FMLP networks for prediction of P- and B-VOPs, respectively. Each of these networks has external indicators derived from the time-series. Multi-step-ahead prediction of individual frame/VOP sizes is found to be very inaccurate. A moving average of the sizes of frames/VOPs is generated from the individual frame sizes. A multi-step-ahead prediction scheme based on RMLP networks is developed and used to perform two-step-ahead and four-step-ahead prediction of moving average of the frame/VOP sizes with some success. This research demonstrates that video source traffic encoded using MPEG standards can be predicted single-step-ahead with reasonable amount of accuracy using neural networks as predictors. Use of two-step-ahead and four-step-ahead prediction schemes to predict the time series of the moving average of size of frame/VOPs is a novel concept introduced in this research. This predictive capability should be useful in the more effective bandwidth allocation mechanism and in the development of a control scheme to control the multimedia traffic over wide area networks.
Bhattacharya, Aninda (2002). Prediction of MPEG-coded video source traffic using neural networks. Master's thesis, Texas A&M University. Available electronically from
https : / /hdl .handle .net /1969 .1 /ETD -TAMU -2002 -THESIS -B471.