Abstract
The survival of the immature stages of the horn fly, Haematobia irratians (L.), in manure droppings was studied under field conditions in Central Texas during the 1972 and 1973 horn fly seasons. The effect of interspecific and intraspecific competition on survival from egg to adult was observed. Within each of two groups of manure droppings, one protected and the other fully exposed to competitors and predators, eggs were seeded at densities of 50, 200, and 800 eggs per dropping. The percentage of eggs that produced adults was determined for each dripping within each group. Temperature and moisture conditions during development from egg to adult were monitored. Interspecific competition significantly reduced survival of the immature stages of the horn fly. Average survival during the horn fly season (March-October) in protected droppings was approximately 14 percent; whereas, survival in droppings fully exposed to competition and predation was reduced to approximately 2.8 percent. However intraspecific competition in the range of 50 to 800 eggs per dropping did not significantly influence survival.
Miller, John Allen (1977). A computer simulation of populations of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans (L.). Texas A&M University. Texas A&M University. Libraries. Available electronically from
https : / /hdl .handle .net /1969 .1 /DISSERTATIONS -624823.