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Now showing items 6461-6470 of 7163
Thermal Decomposition Mechanisms of 1H-1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives : Theoretical Study
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
Probabilistic Approach to Deriving Oil Spill Size
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
Not all pipelines are created equal. Pipelines have different characteristics, and would therefore show different levels of integrity and fail differently. The failure mode and cause of a given pipeline depends on several factors including the design, operating and environmental parameters. A new tool was developed to evaluate pipeline integrity and assess its potential failure mode, patterns, and rate based on the critical pipeline parameters. These parameters include the pipeline material of construction, wall thickness, operating pressure, service material, backfill medium/material, age, coating, pipeline size and other relevant parameters. The new tool was developed using pipeline data collected from the European Union, UK, and USA for pipeline failures over four decades. Failure models and patterns were analyzed, and over 60,000 failure modes/pattern combination were identified. The tool predicts the failure mode and patterns in terms of failure rate distribution by size of leak and its causes. It also shows the relative Pipeline Risk Index, defined as the pipeline’s potential failure rate relative to average pipeline population in the industry within similar pipeline categories. Ignition probabilities for pipeline failures were also analyzed and are predicted by this tool for each pipeline leak depending on the leak characteristics.
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
Not all pipelines are created equal. Pipelines have different characteristics, and would therefore show different levels of integrity and fail differently. The failure mode and cause of a given pipeline depends on several ...
Analysis of enhanced flame speed in the transition droplet sizes for n-alkane aerosols generated by electrospray
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
Fire and explosion incidents related to aerosol occur occasionally throughout the industries. However, its hazards are relatively overlooked due to the misconception of that liquids are safe below their flash point. As ...
Results Matter: Three Case Studies Comparing and Contrasting PFFM and HazOp PHA Reviews
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
Complete, thorough, and correct process safety management depends to a large extent on complete, thorough, and correct process hazard identification, both before and during the process hazards analysis (PHA) review. Findings ...
Control Room Design: Best Practices and Lessons Learned From a Multi-Disciplinary Perspective
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
Challenges in applying Process Safety Management at a University Laboratories
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
Risks associated with academic research are often perceived as being much lower than risks within large-scale process industry operations. While the inventories of hazardous materials are generally lower within an academic ...
A Method to Utilize Facility Siting Techniques in the Early Phases of Capital Projects to Reduce Risks and Safety Spending
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
A common complaint when undertaking capital projects is the cost of engineered designs that must be added late in the project in order to mitigate hazards or risks. Due to the typical phasing of these project activities, ...
Align PHA Scenarios with PSV Calculation Cases
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2016)
It is not uncommon to find that Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) scenarios and Process Safety Valve (PSV) calculation cases do not align. The intent of PHA studies, typically performed using the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) ...
A Numerical Approach to Determining Flammability Limits of Hydrocarbon Process Fluids
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2015)
Intrinsic to the computer modeling of explosions and fires is the concept of flammability limits. Conventionally, the term “flammability limit” is defined loosely as the concentration limits beyond which flame propagation ...