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Superconductive Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) System Studies for Electrical Utility at Wisconsin
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Date
1988-09
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.eslwin.tamu.edu)
Abstract
Two-layer low aspect ratio rippled and non-rippled
solenoids mounted in surface trenches are
described for superconductive magnetic energy
storage utility applications. Open pool cooling in
superfluid helium provides extended time cryogenic
stability. Axial structure also functions as a
protective heat absorbing secondary during
emergency discharge. The cost of the conductor,
trench, dewar, struts, radial structure, plus
others are proportional to E^ 2/3 where E= stored energy; the cost
of the axial structure is approximately E; and the cost of
refrigeration is a constant plus an E^2/3 term.
Costs scale approximately from E^0.58 (low E) to
E^0.71 (100 - 3000 MWh) to E ^0.78 (3000 to 10,000
MWh). The cost of the ac-dc conversion system is
about $60/kW. The electrical usage is best for
load-leveling units that charge 8 h at night and
discharge 15 h during the daytime. 98% storage
efficiency and rapid power reversal are the two
primary benefits of SMES.
The potential impact of high Tc oxide
superconductors is a 10%-20% cost reduction for
large SMES units (above 3000 MWh). The operational
storage efficiency of smaller units would improve
to better than 95% for E > 10 MWh.
Description
Keywords
Superconductive Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) Systems, Electrical Utility, Rippled Solenoid Designs, Non-Rippled Solenoid Design, Cost Analysis