| dc.description.abstract | The dissertation focuses on the analysis, through combined analytical and numerical
techniques, of the partial differential equations arising from a new approach to modeling brittle fracture, based on extension of continuum mechanics to the nanoscale.
The main part of this work deals with the analysis of several fracture models. Integral transform methods are used to reduce the problem to a Cauchy singular, linear
integro-differential equation. It is shown that ascribing constant surface tension to
the fracture surfaces and using the appropriate crack surface boundary condition,
given by the jump momentum balance, leads to a sharp crack opening profile at the
crack tip, in contrast to the classical theory of brittle fracture. However, such a model
still predicts singular crack tip stress. For this reason a modified model is studied,
where the surface excess property is responsive to the curvature of the fracture surfaces. It is shown that curvature-dependent surface tension, together with boundary
conditions in the form of the jump momentum balance, leads to bounded stresses and
a cusp-like opening profile at the crack tip. Further, an alternative approach, based
on asymptotic analysis, which is suitable to apply in cases when the model includes
a mutual body force correction term, is considered. The nonlinear nonlocal problem,
resulting from the proposed model, is simplified which allows us to approximate the
crack opening profile and derive asymptotic forms for the cleavage stress in a neighborhood of the crack tip. Finally, two possible fracture criteria, in the context of the new theory, are discussed. The first one is an energy based fracture criterion.
Classically the energy release rate arises due to singular fields, whereas in the case of
the modeling approach adopted here, a notion analogous to the energy release rate
arises through a different mechanism, associated to the rate of working of the surface
excess properties at the crack tip. Due to the fact that the proposed modeling approach allows us to fully resolve the stress in a neighborhood of the crack tip, without
the customary singularity, a second fracture criterion, based on crack tip stress, is
possible. | en |
