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Evaluation of subtropical and tropical quality protein maize hybrids in Texas for agronomic performance, resistance to aflatoxin and quality
Abstract
Common maize is deficient in essential amino acids, lysine and tryptophan, and has a low nutritive value compared to other cereals. Opaque-2, a regulatory gene, genetically enhances lysine content in normal maize endosperm by suppressing transcription of lysine deficient alpha zein genes, with a proportional increase in other lysine rich protein fractions. CIMMYT developed quality protein maize (QPM) with the opaque-2 gene while selecting for modifying genes conferring vitreous (non-opaque) endosperm. CIMMYT QPM hybrids have recently made a great impact in developing countries. Our objective was to evaluate elite CIMMYT subtropical and tropical QPM hybrids for adaptation, agronomic performance, quality, and resistance to aflatoxin in Texas. White and yellow QPM hybrids were evaluated for agronomic performance in 6 and 8 subtropical and temperate locations, respectively, using alpha lattice designs in two replications during the summer of 2000. Aflatoxin resistance was evaluated at two locations in four replications. Genotype environment interaction was estimated using the AMMI model. Statistical analysis was done using SAS procedures PROC GLM and PROC MIXED. Both white and yellow QPM hybrids were characterized as having longer maturities, bigger tassels, and higher ear placements than non QPM checks. Some of the best yellow QPM hybrids had higher test weights in comparison to non QPM checks. Kernel texture in both white and yellow QPM hybrids was more flint type in comparison to the non QPM checks which were more dent type. White QPM hybrids in general had higher yields than yellow QPM hybrids. Both white and yellow hybrids were significantly different (P < 0.001) for most of the traits studied. Highly significant GE interaction was observed across all locations for most of the traits studied. QPM hybrids were more resistant to aflatoxin and had higher lysine content as compared to non QPM checks. Promising white QPM hybrids identified for Texas were ([CML 176 X CML 142] X CML 186), (CML 186 X CML 142) and ([CML 142 X CML 150] X CML 176. Among the yellow hybrids (CMSQ 983010 CLQ-6601 x CML172), ([CML 161 X G26Qc18MH134-4-#-3-#-#-#-B-B-B] X DO 940Y) and (G26Qc18MH134-4-3-#-#-#-#-2-B-B X CML 161) showed promising results.
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Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-81).
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Citation
Bhatnagar, Sandeep (2001). Evaluation of subtropical and tropical quality protein maize hybrids in Texas for agronomic performance, resistance to aflatoxin and quality. Master's thesis, Texas A&M University. Available electronically from https : / /hdl .handle .net /1969 .1 /ETD -TAMU -2001 -THESIS -B496.
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