| dc.description.abstract | Objectives: To identify a cost-effective and well-defined alternative to currently available enamel matrix derivatives for periodontal regeneration.
Methods and Materials: For in vitro studies, human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) were treated with Emdogain (EMD), recombinant human AMEL isoforms rh174, rh163 and rh146 or synthetic amelogenin peptides sh147-163 and sh164-174 at a concentration of 10 g/ml for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days on human periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs). Enamel protein function was assayed using wound healing and differentiation assays. For in vivo studies, collagen sponges (COL) were coated with human AMELs and EMD and implanted into C57 mouse skin subcutis or alveolar bone defects for 8 weeks, dissected and processed.
Results: Enamel protein derivative effects on PDLC differentiation fold-changes varied from 1.94(rh174), 1.4(rh163), 1.76(rh146)(amelogenin isoforms), 2.64(sh147-163) and 4.47(sh164-174)(amelogenin peptides), to 1.18(EMD). The two synthetic peptides shAMEL164-174 (10-fold versus EMD) and shAMEL147-163 (4-fold versus EMD) also proved more effective in terms of wound healing capacity. Subcutaneous collagen implants treated with sh164-174/Col, sh146-163/Col, EMD/Col and BSA/Col demonstrated migrated MSCs surrounded by new extracellular matrix in the sh164-174/Col and EMD/Col scaffolds while there were only individual cells in the sh146-163/Col and the BSA/Col scaffolds. MicroCT analysis revealed high bone volume to tissue volume ratios in the sh146-163 (0.42) and sh164-174 (0.44) groups versus 0.34 (periodontitis group), and 0.32 (EMD group), respectively. Histological assessment indicated that only sh164-174 treatment promoted mature bone formation and periodontal ligament reattachment to the tooth root, while the PDL remained delaminated in the EMD, sh146-163 and control groups.
Conclusion: When applied to periodontal defects in periodontitis animal models, shAMEL164-174 recruited mesenchymal stem cells, promoted periodontal ligament re-attachment and enhanced alveolar bone regeneration with superior effects on periodontal soft tissue wound healing and alveolar bone regeneration and without the effects of porcine EMD non-defined components. | |
