Most calves are healthy when they leave the ranch, but stress caused by weaning, marketing, transportation, changes in environment, and other factors lower the level of disease resistance at a time when exposure to disease ...

Water constitutes 60 to 70 percent of the body of livestock. Consuming water is more important than consuming food, the amount depending on the weather and the character of food consumed. Animals should be given all the ...

Weaning is the most stressful time a calf will experience. It has been well documented that health problems such as bovine respiratory disease (pneumonia, “shipping fever� etc. ) usually begins with stress at weaning.

Range livestock and wildlife have access to a tremendous diversity of forage plants which vary in nutritional quality. Range animals get the nutrients (protein, energy, vitamins, and minerals) required for growth, reproduction, ...