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Synthesis of (NbX ,Ti1-X) 3AlC2 Solid Solution MAX Phases and (Nbx ,Ti1-x)3C2 MXenes with x Ranging from 0.1 to 0.3
Abstract
MAX phases are a rapidly expanding family of ternary carbides and nitrides known for their characteristically high-temperature stability, excellent thermal shock resistance, good mechanical properties, relatively low hardness, and easy machinability. These properties are attributed to their layered atomic structure and unique combination of atomic bonding within it. Currently, MAX phases with 11 different transition metals on the M site, 14 different elements 13–16 or late transition metals on the A site, and C or N on the X site have been synthesized, however, the MAX phase can form a large number of the solid solution by substitution on M, A and/or X site, even by an element that does not form end-member (or pure) MAX phase compounds, such as Y, Ce, Pr, Bi, Sn, etc. Possibility of forming solid solution MAX phases significantly increases their compositional space and also provides an opportunity to finely tailor their properties for different applications. Along with MAX phases, their two-dimensional (2D) derivate commonly referred to as MXenes have also gained significant attention due to their high specific surface area, and good electronic and catalytic properties. MXene family consists of transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbo-nitrides with general formula is Mn+1XnTz, where M is transition metal such as Sc, Ti, Nb, V, etc. and X is either C and/or N, and T represents surface termination groups (–O, –OH, –F, -Cl).
This work reports the successful synthesis of new solid solutions (NbxTi1-x)₃AlC₂ MAX phase from elemental powders and its corresponding (NbxTi1-x)₃C₂ MXene and characterization of their chemical composition and structure, as well to determine the maximum solubility of Nb in (NbxTi1-x)₃AlC₂ MAX phase. Through various experiments, it is observed that the maximum solubility of Nb on the M site is around 31-33% in both MAX phases and corresponding MXenes.
Citation
Kelkar, Revati Vinay (2022). Synthesis of (NbX ,Ti1-X) 3AlC2 Solid Solution MAX Phases and (Nbx ,Ti1-x)3C2 MXenes with x Ranging from 0.1 to 0.3. Master's thesis, Texas A&M University. Available electronically from https : / /hdl .handle .net /1969 .1 /198080.