| dc.description.abstract | Previous investigations from our lab indicated that women adhering to a hypo-energetic diet combined with supervised exercise promoted reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and maintenance of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to conduct additional analyses to determine whether the diet and exercise intervention had significant effects on lipoprotein subclasses. Samples from 75 participants who were randomly assigned to a no exercise or diet control or to higher- (55% kcal for carbohydrate and 15% kcal for protein), moderate- (30% kcal for carbohydrate and 45% kcal for protein), or lower-carbohydrate (20% kcal for carbohydrate and 45% kcal for protein) hypo-energetic (1,400 kcal for week 1 and 1,500 kcal for weeks 2-24) diets while participating in a resistance-based circuit training program. Results revealed that the higher protein groups showed significant improvements in total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and total to HDL-cholesterol ratio, whereas all diet and exercise groups maintained HDL-cholesterol. Baseline, 12-week, and 24-week samples were analyzed for LDL and HDL lipoprotein subclasses employing a modified ultracentrifugation technique[1]. Data were analyzed using general linear model with repeated measures and Pearson’s correlation. Overall, we did not find that adherence to diet and exercise had any significant effect on lipoproteins or their respective subclasses. However, correlative data indicate that improvements in anthropometrics, body composition, cardiovascular fitness, glucose homeostasis, and blood lipids significantly correlated to larger LDL and HDL subclasses. | |
