On April 18, 1998, a runaway reaction initiated a sequence of events that led to an explosion and fire at the Morton International Plant in Patterson, New Jersey. The U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board's ...

Samples of various iron oxides suspended above ethylene oxide in an adiabatic calorimeter exhibit exothermic activity at temperatures as low as room temperature. A 7-Fe203 sample was found to show the highest reactivity ...

The international functional safety standard IEC 61511 provides the safety lifecycle as a steadfast guideline to assess and mitigate risk for manufacturing processes including refineries, chemical, petrochemical, pulp and ...

Cryogenic storage tanks are commonly used for the storage of refrigerated liquids at sub-zero temperatures. Such tanks are often of double-wall construction with thermal insulating material in the annular space between the ...

All businesses must face the often, onerous task of complying with the many regulations. Should this compliance responsibility be considered a burden, or can it truly be turned into an opportunity for improving the functioning ...

Incident reviews of oil spill events (both large and small) suggest that human error, or more appropriately “systems error”, is a contributor to 50% of well control incidents (primarily kicks). The purpose of this study ...

Much process safety technology has been developed through the years and now serves as the basis for present-day design standards for process safety in the process industries. This has come about through carefully executed ...

Qualitative risk analysis is focused on applying methods to prevent accidents in diverse process plants. The numerical number resulting in the QRA tells nothing about the ability for systems’ recovery if an upset related ...

The Process Industry has an established practice of crediting IPLs (Independent Protection Layers) to meet risk reduction targets as part of LOPA (Layer of Protection Analysis) studies. Often the risk targets are calculated ...