For pressure safety valves and associated inlet piping, the API recommends the non-recoverable pressure loss should not exceed 3 % of the set pressure at rated capacity flow, with some exceptions, e.g., for remote sensing ...

An increasing emphasis on chemical process safety over the last two decades has led to the development and application of powerful risk assessment tools. Hazard analysis and risk evaluation techniques have developed to the ...

In 1993, five companies initiated a project to better understand the problem of managing abnormal situations. A study team was formed to visit several operations facilities to better understand the abnormal situation ...

The capital investment in tank storage is a critical component of most energy companies’ business model. Decisions managing these assets are driven by the organization’s overall performance objectives, business policies, ...

through improved detectability. As important, however, are: 1) the establishment of design-based inspections and tests, including type, extent, and frequency; and 2) the minimum limits of acceptability and the technical ...

With the development of society and the increasing population, the water crisis has been a severe problem for several regions in the world. Although various water-treatment technologies have been developed, water shortages ...

The placement of detectors in mitigation systems is a difficult problem usually addressed in the industry via qualitative and semiquantative approaches. Simplifications are used to circumvent difficulties regarding problem ...

Mist or aerosol explosions present a serious hazard to process industries. Heat transfer fluids are widely used in the chemical process industry, are flammable above their flash points, and can cause aerosol explosions. ...

The paper summarizes the types of "event" reporting (near misses, first aid cases, OSHA reportable injuries/illnesses, etc.) and stresses the importance of measuring worker conformance to established systems, as an effective ...