Development of a Novel Diagnostic Test Using Podocyturia as a Biomarker for Detection of Kidney Damage

Abstract

Primary glomerular diseases are the most common cause of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs, a common and significant source of illness that often progresses to kidney failure. It is hypothesized that podocyte cells in the glomerulus are washed away in urine as a result of glomerular damage. Using markers such as podocyte gene products, more sensitive and specific detection of damage to the glomeruli is possible, allowing for earlier treatment of CKD that could potentially prolong the life of dogs. The purpose of this study was to develop novel non-invasive markers of CKD, specifically podocyturia, and optimize primer and probe sets that could be used on urine sediment to detect podocyte gene products effectively and efficiently. Primer-probe sets were developed for both reference genes and podocyte gene products. Primer concentrations were optimized and both reference genes and podocyte genes amplified efficiently under optimal concentrations in kidney tissue. With additional testing using urine sediment, analysis and statistical correlation between podocyte loss and glomerular damage may be able to provide insight into the pathogenesis and treatment of CKD in dogs.