International Comparison of Energy Labeling and Standards for Energy Efficient and Green Buildings

Abstract

This paper discusses the approaches of the European Union, Germany and India to reduce GHG- emissions and mitigate climate change impacts from buildings through the establishment of energy performance standards and green building certifications. From the study of the roadmaps of the EU, Germany and India, it is quite clear that the EU and especially Germany are focussing on stringent mandatory energy standards towards 'nearly zero energy buildings'. On the other hand, India concentrates on green buildings with voluntary green building certification (GRIHA) to address the environmental challenges of the construction sector due to rapid urbanization in the country. The paper discusses the implication of mandatory vs. voluntary schemes and outlines the importance of combining the two approaches within an effective policy package. Finally, it discusses how the barriers of the implementation of energy standards and green buildings can be removed through social learning on effective policy packages.