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Contributions of Cerebellar-Basal Ganglia Networks in Cortical Processing and Psychiatric Symptomology in Healthy, Community, and Clinical Samples
Abstract
The cerebellum (CB) and basal ganglia (BG) are functionally and anatomically connected to each other and to cortical networks via domain-specific, topographically organized loops and may be nodes in larger, brain-wide and domain-spanning networks. The CB, BG, and their trans-thalamic cortical networks have been implicated in a wide variety of behaviors and psychiatric diagnoses and symptomology, including cognitive, motor, and emotional processing, depression, anxiety, hyperactivity, and psychosis; however, no studies have looked at whether CB-BG network integration is related to cortical network integration or symptomology. In the first study, I show that cognitive and motor CB-BG network (CCBN, MCBN) global efficiency (GE), a measure of integration, is differentially associated with cortical network GE in a sample of healthy young adults selected from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). In the second study, I replicated the first study in a community sample of unselected participants from the HCP and additionally found MCBN GE predicted trait depression and hyperactivity. In the third study, I combine data from 3 different sources to determine whether CB-BG GE was related to psychotic diagnoses or symptoms across clinically high-risk (CHR) individuals, those in early course psychosis (ECP), and chronic psychosis (CP) patients. I found CCBN GE was lower in CHR individuals, compared to HC and CP, and CCBN predicted cognitive dysfunction while MCBN predicted negative psychosis symptoms. I detail CB-BG associations with sensory, motor, default mode, and salience networks across groups, with group effects indicating differences in ECP potentially due to instability of first episodes and the beginning of anti-psychotic treatment. These works have implications for understanding the biological underpinnings of CB and BG involvement in sensory processing, attention, salience and motivation, and suppression of the DMN when necessary. The CB-BG may also be potentially relevant as biomarkers of trans-diagnostic symptomology including trait depression and hyperactivity, and psychosis symptoms.
Citation
Jackson, Trevor Bryan (2022). Contributions of Cerebellar-Basal Ganglia Networks in Cortical Processing and Psychiatric Symptomology in Healthy, Community, and Clinical Samples. Doctoral dissertation, Texas A&M University. Available electronically from https : / /hdl .handle .net /1969 .1 /198499.