Natural Gas is a cleaner energy when compared to other sources like oil or coal. Its consumption has been drastically increasing over the past few years and is projected to increase further. Liquefying natural gas is an ...

In the Arctic environment, fluid temperature in pipeline can drop below the freezing point of water, which causes wax and ice to form on pipeline surface. Solid formation on pipeline surface can lead to flow assurance and ...

The purpose of this study is to compare calculated sizes of explosion venting fireballs to correlations for a range of gas explosions in enclosures fitted with an explosion vent. Explosion vents are commonly used to protect ...

Drinking water supply involves a complex network of natural and man-made infrastructure necessary to capture, store, convey, treat, and discharge this necessary resource. Each component in this “cloud to tap” supply chain ...

Maintenance is an essential part of mechanical integrity programs and aims to prevent the occurrence of process safety incidents and costly unplanned shutdowns. Maintenance can increase the reliability of equipment in ...

In the Explosion Risk Analysis (ERA), ventilation and dispersion calculations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) are usually considered when the level of confinement and congestion cannot be neglected. As far as the ...

Within the context of a quantitative risk analysis (QRA), the two main constituents used to describe petrochemical risks are, and have always been, consequence and probability. The consequences of hazardous material accidents ...

This article presents a statistical analysis showing that the pressure relief systems on nearly half of the equipment in the oil, gas, and chemical industries lack adequate overpressure protection as defined by recognized ...