| dc.description.abstract | The effects of ingesting a ready-to-drink pre-workout supplement (RTD) on exercise performance were assessed in this dissertation. Resistance-trained participants (n=25, 24 ± 4 y) ingested in a double-blind, crossover study a: (1) Dextrose placebo (PLA, 12 g) and, (2) RTD containing caffeine (200 mg), β-alanine (2.1 g), niacin (65 mg), folic acid (325 mcg), Vitamin B12 (45 mcg), and arginine nitrate (1.3 g) for 7 d, interspersed by 7 d washout. Data were analyzed by univariate, multivariate, and repeated measures general linear models (GLM), adjusted for gender and relative caffeine intake. Data are presented as mean change (95% CI). An overall multivariate time × treatment interaction was observed on strength performance variables (p = 0.01). Acute RTD ingestion better maintained LP 1-RM (PLA: −0.285 (−0.49, −0.08); RTD: 0.23 (−0.50, 0.18) kg/kgFFM, p = 0.30); increased LP RtF (PLA: −2.60 (−6.8, 1.6); RTD: 4.00 (−0.2, 8.2) repetitions, p = 0.031); increased BP lifting volume (PLA: 0.001 (−0.13, 0.16); RTD: 0.03 (0.02, 0.04) kg/kgFFM, p = 0.007); and, increased total lifting volume (PLA: −13.12 (−36.9, 10.5); RTD: 21.06 (−2.7, 44.8) kg/kgFFM, p = 0.046). Short-term RTD ingestion maintained baseline LP 1-RM (PLA: −0.412 (−0.08, −0.07); RTD: 0.16 (−0.50, 0.18) kg/kgFFM, p = 0.30); LP RtF (PLA: 0.12 (−3.0, 3.2); RTD: 3.6 (0.5, 6.7) repetitions, p = 0.116); and, LP lifting volume (PLA: 3.64 (−8.8, 16.1); RTD: 16.25 (3.8, 28.7) kg/kgFFM, p = 0.157) to a greater degree than PLA. No significant differences were observed between treatments in cycling TT performance, hemodynamic assessment, fasting blood panels, or self-reported side effects. Within the confines of this study, the RTD examined appears to be safe and provides an ergogenic benefit for total lifting volume by enhancing muscular endurance; however, it does not appear to be ergogenic to 4 km time trial performance in non-trained cyclists. | en |
