Evaluation of cellular mechanisms of mycotoxin-induced cytotoxicity using vital fluorescence bioassays
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Date
1994
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Abstract
Cellular component-specific fluorescent probes were employed in laser cytometric assays of clonal rat liver and (Clone 9) and granuloma cells (SIGC) to evaluate mechanisms of toxicity caused by the common foodborne mycotoxins patulin and Ochratoxin A (OA). Probes of cell viability, glutathione (GSH) content, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), intracellular Ca 2 + homeostasis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, intracellular pH, and gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC) were monitored in cells treated over a log dose range of 0. 1 to 1 ooo /JM for 1 and 2 hr with patulin and 18 hr with OA. Altered GSH homeostasis was the most sensitive index of cytotoxicity, observed at doses as low as 0. 1 jiM, whereas reduction of MMP was detected at 1.0 /iM in patulin treated cells. Patulin exhibited higher toxicity than OA in these assays. From this research, it has become apparent that fluorescence bioanalysis may promote: (1) the rapid detection of diverse cytotoxins, (2) the prioritization of numerous cellular toxicants according to hazard; and (3) the elucidation of molecular and cellular mechanisms of cytotoxicity.
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Vita.
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Major toxicology