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Supplementation of DETA/NO attenuates cold stress induced pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broilers
Abstract
The anatomical and physiological structure of avians increases the broiler chicken's susceptibility to pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS). This has been a continual problem in the poultry industry costing millions of dollars annually. Studies were conducted to investigate the effects of diethylenetriamine/NO complex (DETA/NO) on the incidence of pulmonary hypertension syndrome. Broilers were reared in either cold stress (10 C), to induce PHS, or under normal temperatures (25 C). Broilers were divided into 2 groups: a control group and a DETA/NO treatment group, within each environment. The treatment group was gavaged with a 0.25 mg/0.5 ml dose of DETA/NO every other day, while the controls were gavaged with a 0.5 ml dose of doubly distilled water (ddH₂O). Two experiments were performed over a period of five weeks. In experiment 1, mortality in the controls was 60% in comparison to 35% in the treatment group. Seventy-seven percent of the mortalities were in the cold environment in relation to only 11% in the normal environment. Body, breast, and lung weights were significantly higher in the normal environments. The mean right ventricle and lung weights were significantly higher in the normal temperature control group when compared to all other groups. The treatment group in the normal environment contained the lowest average right ventricle and lung weights. In experiment 2, mortality reached 53% in the cold and 5% in the normal environment. The controls' overall mortality was 53% compared to 28 % mortality in the birds receiving DETA/NO. Forty percent of the deaths in the control group were related to pulmonary hypertension. The treatment group had only 18% of their deaths related to pulmonary hypertension. Cold exposure and time significantly increased the hematocrit values, but the mean value was significantly lower in the treatment group than in the controls in the cold environment. The hypertrophy index was significantly lower in the DETA/NO treatment within the cold environment compared to the controls. Nitric oxide levels were significantly increased in treatment groups. These data suggest DETA/NO may have a slight protective effect in helping prevent PHS.
Description
Due to the character of the original source materials and the nature of batch digitization, quality control issues may be present in this document. Please report any quality issues you encounter to digital@library.tamu.edu, referencing the URI of the item.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-76).
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Citation
Thompson, Michel Ann (2002). Supplementation of DETA/NO attenuates cold stress induced pulmonary hypertension syndrome in broilers. Master's thesis, Texas A&M University. Available electronically from https : / /hdl .handle .net /1969 .1 /ETD -TAMU -2002 -THESIS -T46.
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