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Now showing items 51-60 of 429
A Review of the 2012 Reynosa Gas Plant Explosion
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2017)
Refrigerated tanks base plate-heating hazards – A case study of Ethylene tanks
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
Cryogenic storage tanks are commonly used for the storage of refrigerated liquids at sub-zero temperatures. Such tanks are often of double-wall construction with thermal insulating material in the annular space between the ...
Comparison of Explosion Methods for Large-Scale Unconfined Elongated Explosions with Propane and Methane mixtures
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
Existing methods for flame propagation and deflagration to detonation transition (DDT) prediction can be divided into three main categories: empirical models, phenomenological and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) based. ...
How Dynamic Simulation Helped Mitigate Vapor Disposal System
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
Siemens recently completed a refinery wide pressure relief and flare analysis for two major refineries in the United States. Major deficiencies were identified on the existing flares if the relief loads calculated using ...
PHA Guidance for Correlating H2S Concentrations in Process Streams to Severity of Adverse Health Outcomes in the Event of a Leak
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2018)
Process hazard analysis (PHA) teams are responsible for determining and categorizing the potential impact of a loss of containment. For streams containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the health and safety consequences of a ...
How to Improve the Trust in Safety Related Instruments
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
Yearly Instrument Protective Functions (IPF) reports for safety critical elements are common practice in the oil and gas and petrochemical industry. Including mean time between failures (MTBF) calculations and fail to ...
Storage Tank Overfill Vapor Cloud Explosions – Science, Causes, and Prevention
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
The 2009 Puerto Rico incident reminds us that few events are as devastating as a vapor cloud explosion initiated by a tank overfill. Any company that transfers a flammable liquid into a storage tank is vulnerable to the ...
A New Look at Release Event Frequencies
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
Within the context of a quantitative risk analysis (QRA), the two main constituents used to describe petrochemical risks are, and have always been, consequence and probability. The consequences of hazardous material accidents ...
How to Treat Expert Judgment? With certainty it contains uncertainty!
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
To be acceptably safe one must identify the risks one is exposed to. It is uncertain whether the threat really will materialize, but determining the size and probability of the risk is also full of uncertainty. When ...
Confidence Level Assessment in Enterprise Risk Management: Case Study with Focus on Oil & Gas Operational Incidents
(Mary Kay O'Connor Process Safety Center, 2019)
Risk assessment and risk management are widely used in a variety of sectors and industries, particularly with the advent of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) in the last two decades or so. Because it covers most types of ...