The 2016 edition of IEC 61511-1: 2016 added two new requirements regarding the security of safety instrumented systems (SIS). The first requirement states that “a security risk assessment shall be carried out to identify ...

In Reason’s, Managing the Risk of Organizational Incidents, `Reason draws on the work of other authors, and how awareness of the operating consequences of action is more important that causes of error. It is the intention ...

Chemical Facility Security has become increasingly important after the World Trade Center attacks in New York City and a continued list of other terrorist attacks over the last 17 years on many other facilities and targets ...

The purpose of this study is to compare calculated sizes of explosion venting fireballs to correlations for a range of gas explosions in enclosures fitted with an explosion vent. Explosion vents are commonly used to protect ...

In September 26, 2012 NYPC Mailiao Ethylene Glycol (EG-4) plant reported a fire incident on the spool piece flanges of inlet pipeline of both two Ethylene Oxide (EO) reactors, R-1/R-2, which were founded 43 minutes later ...

During the summer and fall seasons, regions along the US coastline face the threat of being hit by Tropical storms and Hurricanes. While Hurricanes are known for their impacts, the sites are typically well prepared to brace ...

Most semiconductor manufacturing facilities do not contain quantities of highly hazardous chemicals in threshold quantities sufficient to be subject to the Occupational Health and Safety Administration's (OSHA) Process ...

During detail engineering project for EG3 (Ethylene Glycol Plant no.3) for Jubail United Petrochemical Company, a SABIC affiliate, the writer found oxygen feed header from Gas Plant pipeline laydown on pipe rack instead ...