The task of the lighting designer has become very complex, involving thousands of choices for fixture types and hundreds of possible lamps. The designer who can consider the most combinations of these items guarantees each ...

More than 40 percent of Europe's primary energy is required for conditioning of buildings. By improving energy efficiency, approximately 30 percent of this energy could be saved. Energy counts for 35 percent of the operating ...

If Green is gold, why is progress so slow? The public understanding of Green is evolving. Standards are being developed, but there is still much work to be done. Achieving Green is difficult. Necessary conditions include: •A ...

Sustainability, energy savings, and occupant comfort are not mutually exclusive objectives, as buildings can be designed that incorporate all of these features. Sustainability is often defined as meeting the needs of the ...

Last year the United Kingdom spent some £37bn on energy. Analysis of energy use, through extensive studies such as the Energy Efficiency Office's "Energy Use and Energy Efficiency in UK Manufacturing Industry up to the ...

The ambitious design and energy concept of the new Gebhard-Müller-Schule (GMS) school building in Biberach/Riss, Germany proved itself during the first three school years of operation. The intended target value of 30 ...

This paper presents a case study of a Continuous Commissioning (CC) project performed at the Austin City Hall. Various CC measures were implemented and significant energy savings were achieved. The paper illustrates a ...