| dc.description.abstract | In the present dissertation, the derivation of the chiral magnetic effect (CME) and
chiral separation effect (CSE) from the Hamiltonian of Dirac fermions in a magnetic
field is given. It is shown that the CSE is related to the spin polarization vector
of massless fermions and becomes less important when fermions are massive. The
chiral kinetic equations for massless fermions in a magnetic field are also derived from
the Lagrangian of a massless fermion either using the semiclassical approximation or
by solving the Dirac equation. The chiral vortical effect (CVE) and chiral vortical
separation effect (CVSE) are similarly derived as for the case of the CME and CSE.
The interplay between the vector and axial vector charge densities can generate
two kinds of gapless collective modes, called the chiral magnetic wave (CMW) and
the chiral vortical wave (CVW), and both can be derived in the hydrodynamic and
kinetic approaches. Effects of the CMW and CVW in relativistic heavy ion collisions
are then studied by solving the chiral kinetic equations numerically using the testparticle
method. It is found that, the CMW generated by the magnetic field in
a quark matter with its initial conditions modeled by the Bjorken boost-invariant
model can lead to different elliptic flows for particles of positive and negative charges
if the chirality changing scattering (CCS) between massless quarks and antiquarks is
included. Neglecting the Lorentz force acting on quarks and antiquarks as in other
studies, it is found that the obtained elliptic flow splitting depends linearly on the
charge asymmetry of the quark matter, similar to that measured in experiments at
RHIC. The magnitude of the splitting is, however, less than the experimental results
even if the magnetic field is taken to have a long lifetime. The presence of a vorticity
field in the quark matter is found to only lead to an axial dipole moment in the transverse plane but not an elliptic flow splitting between particles of positive and negative charges. Including effects from both the magnetic field and the vorticity field can, on the other hand, leads to the splitting between the elliptic flows of positivelyand negatively charged particles even for quark matter of zero charge asymmetry.
However, the inclusion of the Lorentz force changes the sign of the slope of the charge
asymmetry dependence of the elliptic flow splitting, leading to a result opposite to
that from the experiments and thus making it unlikely that the observed elliptic
flow splitting between charged particles is due to the CMW. Including in quark
scattering the correction to the phase-space measure due to the vorticity field, the
chiral kinetic equations are also used to study the spin polarization of light quarks in
a rotating quark matter with its initial conditions taken from a multiphase transport
(AMPT) model. Converting the spin-polarized light quarks to hadrons using the
quark coalescence model leads to the spin polarizations of Ʌ and Ʌ ¯ (bar should be over Ʌ) hyperons that are comparable with experimental results both in magnitude and trend as a function
of collision energy. | en |
