Stanford Sociology Technical Reports and Working Papers, 1961-1993

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Now showing 1 - 20 of 95

Status Conditions of Self-Evaluation
(2017-08-24) Berger, Joseph; Zelditch, Morris Jr; Anderson, Bo; Cohen, Bernard P.
This is a revision of TR#24. It expands the discussion of conditions for stability, adding the idea of cliques that support stable self-evaluations.
Modes of Status Equilibration
(2017-08-24) Kimberly, James C.; Crosbie, Paul V.; Lehr, Eugene W.
This is a revision of TR#23, focusing on the experimental tests.
Legitimacy and Collective Action
(2017-08-16) Thomas, George M.; Walker, Henry A.; Zelditch, Morris Jr
This is a revision of WP 84-4. The authors develop an explicit theoretical foundation for the common belief that legitimation is somehow important in mobilizing collective action. They distinguish validity of a rule (collective support) from propriety (individual support) and predict that validity affects mobilization independent of propriety. Results of an experimental test support the derivations.
Strategies, Theories, and Models
(Stanford University Press, 1993) Berger, Joseph; Zelditch, Morris Jr
The authors describe unit theories, theoretical research programs, and orienting strategies, and elaborate on types of growth in theoretical research programs. This WP was published by the authors (1993).
Expectations, Theory, and Group Processes
(Social Psychology Quarterly, 1992) Berger, Joseph
The author describes his career and the growth of the Expectation States research program. This talk was delivered when Joseph Berger received the Cooley-Mead Award from the Social Psychology Section of the American Sociological Association in 1991. This WP was published by the author (1992).
A Revised Bibliography of Expectation States Research
(2017-08-16) Berger, Joseph; Zelditch, Morris Jr
As titled. This WP is a revision and expansion of TR#67. Berger, Wagner, and Webster (2014) provide a newer, although focused, view of the program.
Processing Status Information
(JAI Press, 1992) Balkwell, James W.; Berger, Joseph; Webster, Murray Jr.; Nelson-Kilger, Max; Cashen, Jacqueline
The authors compare variant formulations (different from those considered in 1990-1) for predicting the processing of status information. The main competitor considered argued that highly relevant information would eliminate effects of less relevant information. Results from a vignette study confirmed predictions of the original status theory and disconfirmed predictions of the competing theory. This WP was published by the authors (1992).
Status Characteristics and Social Interaction: An Assessment of Theoretical Variants
(JAI Press, 1991) Balkwell, James W.
The author compares and evaluates variant theories proposed in the literature for the processing of status information and effects of expectation states on behavior. The issue was to determine conditions under which, if any, status generalization could be eliminated. The analysis concludes that earlier arguments that found such effects incorrectly analyzed their supporting data. This WP was published by the author (1991).
Status, Excuses, and Justifications
(2017-08-16) Freeman, Sabrina; Massey, Kelly; Zelditch, Morris Jr
The authors conducted experimental research on the acceptability of excuses (a personal account of making a procedural error) and justifications (an argument for what the violator had done) for norm violation. The actor offering the account or justification was either equated with the subjects on education or had an advantage on that characteristic. Results showed that status advantage increased the acceptance of the justification but reduced the acceptance of the excuse. This WP is a follow-up to research by Massey, Freeman and Zelditch (1997).
Participation in Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Groups: A Theoretical Integration
(The American Journal of Sociology, 1991) Fisek, M. Hamit; Berger, Joseph; Norman, Robert Z.
The authors define a behavior interchange pattern that can affect performance expectation states and behavior. This WP was published by the authors (1991).
Status Characteristics and Expectation States: A Priori Model Parameters and Test
(Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 1989) Fisek, M. Hamit; Norman, Robert Z.; Nelson-Kilger, Max
The authors theoretically derive f(i) parameter values for use in calculating relative expectations (ep – eo) in the graph model of the theory of status characteristics and expectation states. This WP was published by the authors (1992).
Legitimacy and the Support of Revolutionary Coalitions
(2017-08-16) Walker, Henry A.; Rogers, Larry; Lyman, Katherine; Zelditch, Morris Jr
The authors develop a theory of conditions under which inequity will lead to attempts to change the structure. Factors affecting the likelihood of attempts include power differences, false consciousness, low self-esteem, and perceived legitimacy of the inequality. Experimental research focusing on legitimacy show that propriety, endorsement, and authorization all affect the likelihood that group members will support a revolutionary movement.
Introduction to a Theory of Group Structure and Information Exchange
(2017-08-16) Cohen, Bernard P.; Silver, Steven D.
This theoretical paper develops a framework for relationships between group structure and information exchange. Status orders among group members are important in situations that lack well-developed practices for work and clear criteria for evaluating outcomes.
Theoretical Structures and the Micro-Macro Problem
(Sociological Theories in Progress: New Formulations, 1989) Berger, Joseph; Eyre, Dana P.
This WP was published by Berger, Eyre, and Zelditch (1989).
Status Processes in Permanent Work Groups
(American Sociological Review, 1991) Cohen, Bernard P.; Hooper, Jon; Zhou, Xueguang
This WP was published by Cohen and Zhou (1991).
Expected Managerial Careers within Growing and Declining R & D Establishments
(Work and Organizations, 1988) Shenhav, Yehouda A.
The author notes that many studies have used individual-level variables to predict a tendency of scientists to aspire to managerial careers, and proposes that a better understanding of such career progression would include structural and organizational factors. Individual factor did indeed explain much aspiration. The new structural variables added explanatory power, but only in growing organizations. Individual factors may be useful in hiring decisions, while structural factors have implications for design of the R & D structures. This TR was published by the author (1988).
Expected Managerial Careers within Growing and Declining R & D Establishments
(Scientometrics, 1989) Shenhav, Yehouda A.
The authors distinguish six types of productivity in different contexts and develop six corresponding scales and estimate reliability coefficients. Coefficients differ depending on context, supporting an argument that the meanings of productivity, and so its appropriate measurements, differ depending on structure and goals of the teams. This TR was published by the authors (1989).
Interdependence, Interaction, and Productivity
(2017-08-16) Cohen, Bernard P.; Arechavala-Vargas, Ricardo
Group tasks require communication, but communication can be excessive and time-wasting. The authors develop propositions group productivity and interaction. High reciprocal interdependence in teams requires high levels of interaction, but when interdependence is low, interaction can interfere with productivity. After developing appropriate measures of the variables, they tested that idea and related ideas with 224 R & D teams and found a strong relationship between communication and productivity on interdependent tasks.
The Communication Network Structures of R & D Units
(2017-08-16) Arechavala-Vargas, Ricardo
The author develops a bounded rationality model of effects of communication structures and applies it to 223 R & D teams. One main result was that structural properties of a team’s network were strongly associated with evaluations the team received from management.
Organization and productivity in R & D Teams: A Report of Research Findings
(American Sociological Review, 1991) Cohen, Bernard P.; Arechavala-Vargas, Ricardo; Nobel, Darla R.; Shenhav, Yehouda A.
The authors report findings from 224 teams in Silicon Valley on the effects of factors on team productivity and innovativeness. The factors are of four types: interaction, team composition, team organization, and perceptions of the company. Some of these finding were published by Cohen and Zhou (1991).

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