ICEBO - International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2885

The International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations (ICEBO) convenes annual forums of U.S. and international leaders on enhanced building operations.

ICEBO promotes exchanges among engineers, contractors, energy agencies, industrial companies, contractors and building scientists dedicated to continuous improvements in building energy performance. High energy costs and environmental concerns are the focus of these topics.

Click HERE to view the ICEBO Proceedings Catalog.

Please visit the ICEBO website for information on the next conference.

Browse

Now showing 1 - 20 of 1002

44 Market St - Refurbishment of a Dual Duct Building
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2013) Bannister, P.; Foo, G.; Exergy Australia Inc.
44 Market St is a high profile, A-grade, 27-storey, 28,000m2 office building constructed in the 1970s. In common with many other buildings of its era, it was equipped with a dual duct air-conditioning system, and its highest NABERS Rating at full occupancy was 2 stars without Green Power. This paper describes the process of refurbishing the building including: Modifications to convert the air conditioning system to a variable volume dual duct system, re-using many of the components of the original system. BMS replacement including control modifications throughout the system. Separation of domestic hot water from the space heating boilers. NABERS compliance modifications to the building. The refurbishment works were completed in April 2012, and since then the monthly electricity consumption has halved and gas consumption reduced by 40% relative to weather corrected benchmarks. Using an average tariff of 24.8c/kWh for electricity and 1.75c/MJ for gas, that equates to a $340,000 annual cost saving. A 4.5 Star NABERS rating was awarded to the building in January 2013.
Accounting for the Occupancy Variable in Inverse Building Energy Baselining Models
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2001) Claridge, D. E.
The occupancy factor is often underestimated in inverse modeling of building energy use, or accounted for by grouping the daily data in occupied and unoccupied groups which are modeled separately. For instance, in institutional buildings it is common to identify "weekdays/weekends", "semester breaks", and "holidays" daytypes. In order to develop one model that accounts for all periods, i.e., occupied and unoccupied, at an hourly time scale, a dummy variable (regressor) can be used. The dummy variable is often used in a simplified way; for instance, having a value of 0 between 8:00 AM and 5:00 PM, and 1 between 5:00 PM and 8:00 AM, for an office building. In this paper, the effect of using different alternatives in accounting for the occupancy variable in inverse modeling of building energy use is investigated, and the resulting uncertainty in the predictions, using the SMLP inverse method are presented.
Achieving Better Building Performance and Savings Using Optimal Control Strategies
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2003) Chen, H.; Deng, S.; Bruner, H.
The Continuous Commissioning (CCSM) process has become a very important energy conservation topic for new and existing commercial buildings. This process can yield substantial operating savings, improved indoor air quality, and enhanced occupant comfort. It also provides solutions to reoccurring building maintenance problems. One tool that can be implemented during commissioning work is a nearoptimal global set point method in an Energy Management Control System (EMCS) Direct Digital Controller (DDC). This algorithm is based on mathematical models for the chillers, boilers, chilled and hot water pumps, and air handler fans that relate the power of these components as a function of the chilled water and hot water differential temperature. The algorithm will minimize the total plant power consumption. These optimal control strategies make the CC process more effective. The Texas A&M University Systems State Headquarters is an office building, with a total floor area of approximately 123,960 ft2. An integrated commissioning of the HVAC systems was performed for this building. This paper describes the commissioning activities and demonstrates how newly developed optimized control strategies improved the building comfort conditions and reduced utility costs during and after the commissioning period.
Achieving Energy Performance in spite of complex systems and dis-jointed design
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2012) Ardren, C.; Bannister, P.
The extensively refurbished heritage government department office building in Canberra's Parliamentary circle, has managed to achieve its target energy performance levels contrary to expectations following difficult design and construction processes, through careful and thorough commissioning and tuning. The existing two storey 5,000m2 sandstone building was completely gutted and brought to a new life as a head office for one of Australia's federal government departments. The building was stripped back to a bare shell, before being re-created to a Grade A office with numerous tenant systems, including a 125kW data centre with a series of complex multi-layered alarm and protection systems. Given the extent of incomplete or contradictory designs, the commissioning team needed to carry out substantial planning, coordination and framing of test scenarios in order to bring all issues to a close, all the while being cognisant of the final desired energy performance outcome and close scrutiny by the Tenant representative of all commissioning planning and witness testing. This paper presents an overview of the challenges that needed to resolved during the course of the commissioning and tuning processes to achieve/maintain the target energy performance outcome (4.5 Stars NABERS - approximately 70-75kg/CO2e/m2/year) after 12 months of occupation and operation. In order to aid understanding, we have assessed the procedures and steps taken against the Soft landings guidelines and core principles.
Achieving High Chilled Water Delta T Without Blending Station
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2007) Wang, Z.; Wang, G.; Xu, K.; Yu, Y.; Liu, M.; University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Typically a blending station is designed to ensure that its user is able to avoid low chilled water return temperature in the district cooling system. When the chilled water return temperature drops to a low limit, building return water is blended into building supply water to reduce primary chilled water flow and finally increase building chilled water return. However, the blending station will cause extra pump power and may cause humidity and temperature issues. Theoretical analysis has been conducted on the blending station performance. The results show that the blending station is not necessary in the building chilled water systems with 2-way modulation valves at end users. Actually the end user valve configuration and control mainly impacts building chilled water temperature. As soon as the water flow control is improved, the chilled water return temperature can be controlled without the blending stations. This paper presents actual system operation data and optimal control measures at three buildings which receive chilled water from a district cooling system.
Achieving Sustainability, Energy Savings, and Occupant Comfort
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2009-11) Fisher, D.; Bristow, G.
Sustainability, energy savings, and occupant comfort are not mutually exclusive objectives, as buildings can be designed that incorporate all of these features. Sustainability is often defined as meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to do the same. Reducing the demand for energy produced from depletable resources and generating energy from renewable sources leaves more resources available for future use. Therefore, energy savings and sustainability go hand in hand. Occupant comfort can be maintained in conjunction with energy savings, and some sustainable practices enhance comfort. Properly planned and implemented construction programs can help ensure efficiently operating systems, reducing the consumption of valuable resources, while providing an acceptable indoor environment. The authors have more than 30 years combined experience working with Texas schools in mechanical, electrical, and plumbing engineering and design as well as energy management.
Acoustical and Noise Control Criteria and Guidelines for Building Design and Operations
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2009-11) Evans, J. B.; Himmel, C. N.
Noise, vibration and acoustical design, construction, commissioning and operation practices influence building cost, efficiency, performance and effectiveness. Parameters for structural vibration, building systems noise, acoustics and environmental noise crossing property boundaries will be presented with brief case studies illustrating noise and vibration problems with successful solutions. Building mechanical, power, and plumbing systems contribute to building operations noise and vibration, which affects building occupants, sensitive installations, and functional uses. Various noise and vibration design criteria, field measurements, design concepts and specifications can be applied in facilities to achieve noise mitigation and vibration control to enhance building operations and reduce tenant or neighbor problems. Concepts for enhancement will be presented that achieve specific program criteria and improve the built environment for occupants and functional uses, including items to incorporate in specifications and construction documents. Concepts relating to noise and vibration control can also reduce short and long-term operations costs and save energy. Acoustical designs can be implemented in new construction to achieve specific requirements for LEED certification in healthcare and educational facilities. Common problems, objective criteria, sensitive installations, and solutions will be presented to offer a basic understanding of effective noise and vibration control for central plant equipment, power systems, transformers, standby generators, and roof mounted HVAC equipment.
Activities of Building Commissioning in Japan
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Yanagihara, R.
Advance of Systematic Design Methods on Fuzzy Control
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Zhang, J.; Chen, Y.
The heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC) system possesses some characteristics such as multi-parameters, nonlinear, and coupled parameters. Aimed at control problems, the author targets real-time fuzzy control and research systematically via the fuzzification method, fuzzy inference method, fuzzy control rules online obtaining and optimizing method, self-organizing fuzzy control method, and fuzzy predictive control of a time-delayed process. This paper will briefly introduce previous research results.
Advanced Control Technologies and Strategies Linking Demand Response and Energy Efficiency
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2005) Kiliccote, S.; Piette, M. A.
An Advanced Solar-Powered Rotary Solid Adsorption Refrigerator with High Performance
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Zheng, A.; Gu, J.
In this paper, according to practical consideration, a new solar powered rotary solid adsorption refrigerator system adopting activated carbon fibre + ethanol as its adsorption pair has been designed with higher performance. Moreover, the principle of the refrigeration cycle, different components of the machine, selection of working pairs and feasible theory analysis of the refrigeration system all have been presented in detail. In addition, it shows that the new refrigerator has many great advantages including a simple structure, fast refrigeration, higher thermodynamic coefficient, friendly to the atmospheric environment, etc. This paper explains that the refrigerating process is constant, which has a promising potential for competing the 'intermittent' cycle reported before. Through improving the refrigerant performance of heat and mass transfer in the adsorbent bed, the refrigeration cycle has been advanced from the aspect of utilization of the thermal energy from low-temperature level resources. In addition, it is shown that the commercial solar powered refrigerator will be existent in the near future.
Advances in the Research of Heat Pump Water Heaters
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Shan, S.; Wang, D.; Wang, R.
This paper presents the progress of many recently correlative research works on the heat pump water heater (HPWH) and on solar-assisted heat pump water heaters. The advances in the research on compressor development, alternative refrigerant technology for a compressor HPWH are separately summarized. A new study on frosting/defrosting of an air source heat pump water heater (ASHPWH) is also discussed. The trends of some new technologies of HPWH are analyzed.
Advantages of Financing Continuous Commissioning® as an Energy Conservation Retrofit Measure
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2005) Wei, G.; Verdict, M.; Martinez, J. T.
Agent Technology to Improve Building Energy Efficiency and Occupant Comfort
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Zeiler, W.; van Houten, R.; Kamphuis, R.; Hommelberg, M.
Global warming, caused largely by energy consumption, has become a major problem. During the last decades the introduction of energy saving technologies has strongly reduced energy consumption of buildings. Users' preferences and behavior have become central to building services control strategies. Achieving synergy between end users and buildings is the ultimate in intelligent comfort control. This new comfort control technology, based on use of the latest ICT development in agent technology, can further reduce energy consumption of buildings. This paper reviews Multi-Agent Intelligent Internet-mediated control strategies and combines the most useful insights into a new technology called Forgiving Agent Comfort Technology (FACT). The University of Technology Eindhoven is developing this FACT technology further into a new concept.
AIM: A Home-Owner Usable Energy Calculator for Existing Residential Homes
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2009-11) Marshall, K.; Moss, M.; Malhotra, M.; Liu, B.; Culp, C.; Haberl, J.; Herbert, C.
An energy efficiency metric for residential homes was developed to provide home-owners, realtors and builders a method to rate the energy efficiency of an existing house. To accomplish this, a web-based calculator was developed, which is based on DOE2 simulations and a simplified systems model. To simplify the use of the calculator, parameters, like window U-factor, roof / wall insulation, which are normally required for simulations in existing homes are filled using statistical tables. This allows the home-owner to use the calculator with information commonly available during a real estate transaction.
Air Conditioning Cold/Heat Source Analysis of the Inclusion of the Monetary Values of Environmental Damage Based on the LCA Theory
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Li, Z.; Duanmu, L.; Shu, H.; Zhu, Y.
This is an analysis of the effect on the technical solutions when monetary values of externalities are included in a model for selecting air conditioning cold/heat sources. The focus of the study is on heating and cooling using conventional and seawater source heat pump systems. The included monetary values of damage to the environment and health are those result-ing from atmospheric emissions and water-body toxic-ity. An environmental impact assessment model is pre-sented based on the theories of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Willingness - to - pay (WTP). The analysis makes it possible to compare the technical and eco-nomic differences of the air conditioning system based on business economics to a system with greater empha-sis on socio-economics. This model is applied to assess the environmental impacts of two systems. The results show that by considering externality costs, the total discounted cost of the new system would be approxi-mately equal to the conventional one.
Air Distribution and Microenvironment Evaluation of a Desktop Task Conditioning System
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Zheng, G.
Task conditioning aims to provide each occupant with personalized clean air direct to the breathing zone. The microenvironment of a typical office workplace, consisting of two desktop task conditioning systems (a Horizontal Desk Grill (HDG) and Vertical Desk Grill (VDG)) were studied by numerical simulation. Numerical simulation by k- 3-D turbulent flow was separately conducted to study the influence of supply velocity on the microenvironment of these two desktop task conditioning systems. Three task conditioning velocities were studied. Temperature and velocity distribution, Draught Rating (DR) and Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied (PPD) of the room and workstation were applied to study the performance of task air conditioning. Results show that the performances of HDG and VDG are almost the same. Results also show that task conditioning can provide excellent working environment when supply velocity is well designed. The supply velocity of task conditioning can be set between 0.8-1.0 m/s. However, task conditioning may cause draught, and engineers should seriously consider this problem. The results can provide important references for design and optimization of the task conditioning system.
Air Flow Distribution in the Sales Area of a Supermarket
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Fang, X.; Song, C.; Zhao, J.; Wang, Z.
Many kinds of goods are displayed in a supermarket, which have their own particularities. The consumer flow rate is great and the type of shelved goods varies significantly, thereby influencing the objects that generate heat, and the demands of air temperature, air velocity and humidity in different zones. The results of a study of a sales area of a supermarket in Harbin are presented in this paper, including air temperature, air velocity and humidity. According to the assessment index of air flow distribution (EDT, ADPI, temperature efficiency, energy coefficient of utilization, coefficient of ununiformity and so on), the experimental data were analyzed. The rationality of airflow distribution was then evaluated. Suggestions for air conditioning system design are also presented in this paper.
Air Handling Unit Supply Air Temperature Optimization During Economizer Cycles
(Texas A&M University (http://www.tamu.edu), 2007) Xu, K.; Liu, M.; Wang, G.; Wang, Z.; University of Nebraska - Lincoln
Most air handling units (AHUs) in commercial buildings have an air economizer cycle for free cooling under certain outside air conditions. During the economizer cycle, the outside air and return air dampers are modulated to seek mixing air temperature at supply air temperature setpoint. Mechanical cooling is always required when outside air temperature is higher than the supply air temperature setpoint. Generally the supply air temperature setpoint is set at 55°F for space humidity control. Actually the dehumidification is not necessary when outside air dew point is less than 55°F. Meanwhile the space may have less cooling load due to envelope heat loss and/or occupant schedule. These provide an opportunity to use higher supply air temperature to reduce or eliminate mechanical cooling and terminal box reheat. On the other hand the higher supply air temperature will require higher air flow as well as higher fan power. Therefore the supply air temperature has to be optimized to minimize the combined energy for fan, cooling and heating energy. In this paper a simple energy consumption model is established for AHU systems during the economizer and then a optimal supply air temperature control is developed to minimize the total cost of the mechanical cooling and the fan motor power. This paper presents AHU system energy modeling, supply air temperature optimization, and simulated energy savings.
Airborne Particulate Matter in HVAC Systems and its Influence on Indoor Air Quality
(Energy Systems Laboratory (http://esl.tamu.edu), 2006) Fu, Z.; Li, N.; Wang, H.
This paper first reviews the mechanisms governing movement of PMs in HVAC systems. Then, the basic equations governing PM deposition in ducts are introduced and investigations on airborne PMs distribution in HVAC systems are reviewed. The influence of PMs on indoor air quality and effectiveness of corresponding controlling measures is discussed extensively in the paper. Finally, recommendations for further research are given.

Browse

Browsing ICEBO - International Conference for Enhanced Building Operations by Title

Results Per Page

Sort Options